Lack of psychological safety produces ego-defensive behaviors.

These are attempts to establish social connection where the culture does not offer other ways to support emotional needs. Many defensive behaviors can come from this, particularly rumor/gossip and conspiracy theories. Comes from, but further produces, a lack of psychological safety.rB1rG1


  1. David Gray, Liminal Thinking: Create the Change You Want by Changing the Way You Think, 2016. (See notes.)

  2. Brené Brown, Dare to Lead: Brave Work, Tough Conversations, Whole Hearts (New York: Random House, 2018). (See notes.)